AAA

authentication, authorization, and accounting

AAL5

ATM Adaptation Layer

ADM

Add/Drop Multiplexer

AH

Authentication Header

AMPS

Advanced Mobile Phone System

ANSI

American National Standards Institute

AP

access point

APN

access point name

ARIB

Association of Radio Industries and Businesses

ARP

Address Resolution Protocol

ARQ

Automatic Repeat Request

AS

autonomous system

ASP

application service provider

ATM

Asynchronous Transfer Mode

AuC

Authentication Center

AVP

attribute-value pair

BCP

Best Current Practice

BER

bit error rate

BG

border gateway

BGP

Border Gateway Protocol

BHCA

busy hour call attempts

BSC

Base Station Controller

BSS

Base Station Subsystem

BTS

Base Transceiver Station

CAMEL

Customized Applications for Mobile Network Enhanced Logic

CAP

CAMEL Application Part

CDMA

Code-Division Multiple Access

CdPA

called party address

CDR

Charging Data Record

CE

customer edge

CEPT

Conference of European Posts and Telecommunications Administrations

CF

CompactFlash

CGF

Charging Gateway Function

CgPA

calling party address

CHAP

Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol

CK

cipher key

CLP

Cell Loss Priority

CN

core network (UMTS)

COPS

Common Open Policy Service

COPS-PR

Common Open Policy Service for Provisioning

CoS

class of service

CP

control plane

CPCS

Common Part Convergence Sublayer

CPE

customer premise equipment

CRC

Cyclical Redundancy Check

CRL

certificate revocation list

CS

Circuit Switched

CSCF

Call State Control Function

CSD

circuit-switched data

CSE

CAMEL Service Environment

DES

Data Encryption Standard

DHCP

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol

DiffServ

Differentiated Services

DNS

Domain Name System

DoS

denial of service

DP

detection point

DPC

Destination Point Code

DRX

discontinuous reception

DSO

Digital Signal Level 0

DSSS

Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum

DWDM

dense wavelength-division multiplexing

EAP

Extensible Authentication Protocol

EDGE

Enhanced Data Rates for GPRS Evolution

EDP

event detection point

EGPRS

Enhanced GPRS

EIR

Equipment Identity Register

EMS

Element Management System

ESP

Encapsulating Security Payload

ETSI

European Telecommunications Standards Institute

ETSI-BRAN

ETSI Broadband Access Network

FA

Foreign Agent

FDD

Frequency Division Duplex

FDM

frequency-division multiplexing

FDMA

Frequency Division Multiple Access

FEC

forwarding equivalence class

FHSS

Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum

FQDN

fully qualified domain name

FSK

frequency-shift keying

FSM

finite state machine

FTP

File Transfer Protocol

Ga

interface between SGSN and CGF or GGSN and CGF

Gb

interface between the BSS and SGSN (2G GPRS)

GBN

GPRS backbone network

GBS

GPRS backbone system

Gc

interface between GGSN and HLR

G-CDR

GGSN-CDR

GERAN

GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network

Gf

interface between SGSN and EIR

GGSN

Gateway GPRS Support Node

Gi

reference point between the GGSN and external networks

GMM

GPRS Mobility Management

Gn

interface between GGSN and SGSN or between SGSNs within a PLMN

Gp

interface between GGSN and SGSN in different PLMNs

G-PDU

GTP Protocol Data Unit

GPRS

General Packet Radio Service

GPRS-CSI

GPRS CAMEL Subscription Information

GPRS SCF

GPRS Service Control Function

GPRS SSF

GPRS Service Switching Function

Gr

interface between SGSN and HLR

GRE

Generic Routing Encapsulation

GRX

GPRS Roaming Exchange

Gs

interface between SGSN and MSC/VLR

GSM

Global System for Mobile Communications

GSM CCF

GSM Service Control Function

GSN

GPRS Support Node

GT

global title

GTP

GPRS Tunneling Protocol

GTP-C

GPRS Tunneling Protocol-Control plane

GTP-U

GPRS Tunneling Protocol-User plane

GTT

Global Title Translation

GUI

graphical user interface

HA

Home Agent

HLR

Home Location RegisterHPLMN—Home PLMN

HPMN

Home Public Mobile Network

HSCSD

High-Speed Circuit-Switched Data

HSS

Home Subscriber Server

HTTP

Hypertext Transfer Protocol

IBGP

Internet Border Gateway Protocol

ICMP

Internet Control Message Protocol

IE

Information Element

IEEE

Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IETF

Internet Engineering Task Force

IKE

Internet Key Exchange

IMEI

International Mobile Equipment Identifier

IMS

IP Multimedia Subsystem

IMSI

International Mobile Station Identifier

IP

Internet Protocol

IPCP

Internet Protocol Control Protocol

IPLMN

Interrogating PLMN

IPSec

IP Security

IPv4

Internet Protocol Version 4.0

IPv6

Internet Protocol Version 6.0

IREG

International Roaming Expert Group

ISD

Insert Subscriber Data

ISDN

Integrated Services Digital Network

ISP

Internet service provider

ITU

International Telecommunications Union

ITU-T

ITU-Telecommunication Standardization Sector

Iu-cs

interface between the RNC and UMTS Circuit Core Network

Iu-ps

interface between the RNC and UMTS Packet Core Network

Iur

interface between RNCs

IWF

Interworking Function

IW-MSC

Interworking MSC

IXC

Internet Exchange

L2F

Layer Two Forwarding

L2TP

Layer Two Tunneling Protocol

LA

location area

LAC

L2TP Access Concentrator

LAI

Location Area Identifier

LAN

local area network

LAU

location area update

LDAP

Lightweight Directory Access Protocol

LER

label edge router

LLC

Logical Link Control

LMDS

Local Multipoint Distribution Services

LNS

L2TP Network Server

LSP

label switched path

LSR

label switching router

MAC

Media Access Control

MAP

GSM Mobile Application Part

MCC

Mobile Country Code

MIB

Management Information Base

MM

mobility management

MN

mobile node

MNC

Mobile Network Code

MNRF

Mobile Not Reachable Flag

MNRG

Mobile Not Reachable for GPRS Flag

MNRR

Mobile Not Reachable Reason

MoU

Memorandum of Understanding

MPLS

Multi-Protocol Label Switching

MS

mobile station

MSC

Mobile Switching Center

MSISDN

Mobile Station ISDN

MT

Mobile Terminal

MTBF

mean time between failures

MTTR

mean time to repair

MVPN

Mobile Virtual Private Network

NAI

Network Access Identifier

NAPT

Network Address Port Translation

NAS

network access server

NAT

Network Address Translation

NAT-PT

Network Address Translation-Protocol Translation

NAT-T

NAT-Traversal

NCP

Network Control Protocol

NEBS

National Equipment Building Specification

NI

Network Identifier

NIC

Network Interface Card

NM

network management

NMT

Nordic Mobile Telephone system

NNI

network-to-network interface

N-PDU

Network Layer Protocol Data Unit

NSAPI

Network Services Access Point Identifier

NTP

Network Time Protocol

OA&M

operations, administration, and maintenance

OFDM

orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing

OHG

Operators Harmonization Group

OSA

Open System Architecture

OSI

Open Systems Interconnection

PANA

Protocol for Carrying Authentication for Network Access

PAP

Password Authentication Protocol

PC

personal computer

PCF

Packet Control Function

PCMCIA

Personal Computer Memory Card International Association

PCO IE

Protocol Configuration Options Information Element

P-CSCF

Proxy CSCF

PDCP

Packed Data Convergence Protocol

PDN

packet data network

PDP

Packet Data Protocol

PDSN

Packet Data Serving Node

PDU

Protocol Data Unit

PE

provider edge

PKI

Public Key Infrastructure

PLMN

Public Land Mobile Network

PMM

Packet Mobility Management

PN N-PDU

Number Present Flag (in the GTP R99 header)

PPF

Paging Proceed Flag

PPP

Point-to-Point Protocol

PPTP

Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol

PRD

Public Reference Document

PS

packet switched

PSCN

packet-switched core network

PS-CP

packet-switched control plane

PSPDN

packet-switched public data network

PSTN

Public Switched Telephone Network

PS-UP

packet-switched user plane

P-TMSI

Packet TMSI

PVC

Permanent Virtual Circuit

QNC

Quick Net Connect

QoS

quality of service

R4

UMTS Release 4

R5

UMTS Release 5

R99

UMTS Release 99

RA

routing area

RAB

Radio Access Bearer

RAC

routing area code

RADIUS

Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service

RAI

Routing Area Identifier

RAN

radio access network

RANAP

Radio Access Network Application Part

RAS

remote access server

RAU

Routing Area Update

RFC

Request for Comments

RIL3

Radio Interface Layer 3 protocol

RLC

Radio Link Control

RNC

Radio Network Controller

RPDU

Relay Protocol Data Unit

RR

Radio Resource

RRC

Radio Resource Control

RRP

registration response

RRQ

registration request

RTOS

real-time operating system

RTP

Real-Time Protocol

SA

security association

SAAL

Signaling ATM Adaptation Layer

SAD

Security Association Database

SAP

service access point

SCCP

Signaling Connection Control Part

S-CDR

SGSN-CDR

SCP

service control point

S-CSCF

Serving CSCF

SCTP

Simple Control Transmission Protocol

SDH

Synchronous digital hierarchy

SDO

Standard Definition Organization

SDU

Service Data Unit

SEP

Signaling End Point

SGSN

Serving GPRS Support Node

SIM

Subscriber Identity Module

SIP

Session Initiation Protocol

SLA

service level agreement

SLIP

Serial Line Internet Protocol

SMC

Short Message Control (entity)

SMC-GP

Short Message Control-GPRS

SM-CP

Short Message Control Protocol

SMG

Special Mobile Group

SMR

Short Message Relay (entity)

SM-RP

Short Message Relay Protocol

SMS

Short Message Service

SMS-CSI

SMS CAMEL Subscription Information

SMS-SC

SMS Service Center

SNDCP

Sub-Network Dependent Convergence Protocol

SNMP

Simple Network Management Protocol

SONET

Synchronous Optical Network

SPD

Security Policy Database

SRNC

Serving Radio Network Controller

SRNS

Serving Radio Network Subsystem

SSCF-NNI

Service-Specific Coordination Function at the Network Node Interface

SSCOP

Service-Specific Connection-Oriented Protocol

SSL

Secure Socket Layer

SSN

Sub-System Number

STP

signal transfer point

TACS

Total Access Communication System

TCP

Transmission Control Protocol

TDD

Time Division Duplex

TDM

Time Division Multiplexing

TDMA

Time Division Multiple Access

TE

terminal equipment

TEID

Tunnel Endpoint Identifier

TFT

Traffic Flow Template

TI

Transaction Identifier

TIA/EIA

Telecommunications Industries Association/Electronic Industries Association

TID

Tunnel Identifier

TLD

Top Level Domain

TLS

Transport Level Security

TMSI

Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identifier

T-PDU

Payload of a GTP PDU

TPDU

Transfer Protocol Data Unit

TRNC

Target Radio Network Controller

TSG

Technical Standardization Group

TTA

Telecommunications Technology Association

TTC

Telecommunication Technology Committee

UDP

User Datagram Protocol

UDR

Usage Data Record

UE

user equipment

UMTS

Universal Mobile Telecommunication System