Squid. The definitive guide

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Squid. The definitive guide

Preface About This Book Recommended Reading Conventions Used in This Book Comments and Questions Acknowledgments Chapter 1. Introduction 1.1 Web Caching 1.2 A Brief History of Squid 1.3 Hardware and Operating System Requirements 1.4 Squid Is Open Source 1.5 Squid's Home on the Web 1.6 Getting Help 1.7 Getting Started with Squid 1.8 Exercises Chapter 2. Getting Squid 2.1 Versions and Releases 2.2 Use the Source, Luke 2.3 Precompiled Binaries 2.4 Anonymous CVS 2.5 devel.squid-cache.org 2.6 Exercises Chapter 3. Compiling and Installing 3.1 Before You Start 3.2 Unpacking the Source 3.3 Pretuning Your Kernel 3.4 The configure Script 3.5 make 3.6 make Install 3.7 Applying a Patch 3.8 Running configure Later 3.9 Exercises Chapter 4. Configuration Guide for the Eager 4.1 The squid.conf Syntax 4.2 User IDs 4.3 Port Numbers 4.4 Log File Pathnames 4.5 Access Controls 4.6 Visible Hostname 4.7 Administrative Contact Information 4.8 Next Steps 4.9 Exercises Chapter 5. Running Squid 5.1 Squid Command-Line Options 5.2 Check Your Configuration File for Errors 5.3 Initializing Cache Directories 5.4 Testing Squid in a Terminal Window 5.5 Running Squid as a Daemon Process 5.6 Boot Scripts 5.7 A chroot Environment 5.8 Stopping Squid 5.9 Reconfiguring a Running Squid Process 5.10 Rotating the Log Files 5.11 Exercises Chapter 6. All About Access Controls 6.1 Access Control Elements 6.2 Access Control Rules 6.3 Common Scenarios 6.4 Testing Access Controls 6.5 Exercises Chapter 7. Disk Cache Basics 7.1 The cache_dir Directive 7.2 Disk Space Watermarks 7.3 Object Size Limits 7.4 Allocating Objects to Cache Directories 7.5 Replacement Policies 7.6 Removing Cached Objects 7.7 refresh_pattern 7.8 Exercises Chapter 8. Advanced Disk Cache Topics 8.1 Do I Have a Disk I/O Bottleneck? 8.2 Filesystem Tuning Options 8.3 Alternative Filesystems 8.4 The aufs Storage Scheme 8.5 The diskd Storage Scheme 8.6 The coss Storage Scheme 8.7 The null Storage Scheme 8.8 Which Is Best for Me? 8.9 Exercises Chapter 9. Interception Caching 9.1 How It Works 9.2 Why (Not) Intercept? 9.3 The Network Device 9.4 Operating System Tweaks 9.5 Configure Squid 9.6 Debugging Problems 9.7 Exercises Chapter 10. Talking to Other Squids 10.1 Some Terminology 10.2 Why (Not) Use a Hierarchy? 10.3 Telling Squid About Your Neighbors 10.4 Restricting Requests to Neighbors 10.5 The Network Measurement Database 10.6 Internet Cache Protocol 10.7 Cache Digests 10.8 Hypertext Caching Protocol 10.9 Cache Array Routing Protocol 10.10 Putting It All Together 10.11 How Do I ... 10.12 Exercises Chapter 11. Redirectors 11.1 The Redirector Interface 11.2 Some Sample Redirectors 11.3 The Redirector Pool 11.4 Configuring Squid 11.5 Popular Redirectors 11.6 Exercises Chapter 12. Authentication Helpers 12.1 Configuring Squid 12.2 HTTP Basic Authentication 12.3 HTTP Digest Authentication 12.4 Microsoft NTLM Authentication 12.5 External ACLs 12.6 Exercises Chapter 13. Log Files 13.1 cache.log 13.2 access.log 13.3 store.log 13.4 referer.log 13.5 useragent.log 13.6 swap.state 13.7 Rotating the Log Files 13.8 Privacy and Security 13.9 Exercises Chapter 14. Monitoring Squid 14.1 cache.log Warnings 14.2 The Cache Manager 14.3 Using SNMP 14.4 Exercises Chapter 15. Server Accelerator Mode 15.1 Overview 15.2 Configuring Squid 15.3 Gee, That Was Confusing! 15.4 Access Controls 15.5 Content Negotiation 15.6 Gotchas 15.7 Exercises Chapter 16. Debugging and Troubleshooting 16.1 Some Common Problems 16.2 Debugging via cache.log 16.3 Core Dumps, Assertions, and Stack Traces 16.4 Replicating Problems 16.5 Reporting a Bug 16.6 Exercises Appendix A. Config File Reference http_port https_port ssl_unclean_shutdown icp_port htcp_port mcast_groups udp_incoming_address udp_outgoing_address cache_peer cache_peer_domain neighbor_type_domain icp_query_timeout maximum_icp_query_timeout mcast_icp_query_timeout dead_peer_timeout hierarchy_stoplist no_cache cache_access_log cache_log cache_store_log cache_swap_log emulate_httpd_log log_ip_on_direct cache_dir cache_mem cache_swap_low cache_swap_high maximum_object_size minimum_object_size maximum_object_size_in_memory cache_replacement_policy memory_replacement_policy store_dir_select_algorithm mime_table ipcache_size ipcache_low ipcache_high fqdncache_size log_mime_hdrs useragent_log referer_log pid_filename debug_options log_fqdn client_netmask ftp_user ftp_list_width ftp_passive ftp_sanitycheck cache_dns_program dns_children dns_retransmit_interval dns_timeout dns_defnames dns_nameservers hosts_file diskd_program unlinkd_program pinger_program redirect_program redirect_children redirect_rewrites_host_header redirector_access redirector_bypass auth_param authenticate_ttl authenticate_cache_garbage_interval authenticate_ip_ttl external_acl_type wais_relay_host wais_relay_port request_header_max_size request_body_max_size refresh_pattern quick_abort_min quick_abort_max quick_abort_pct negative_ttl positive_dns_ttl negative_dns_ttl range_offset_limit connect_timeout peer_connect_timeout read_timeout request_timeout persistent_request_timeout client_lifetime half_closed_clients pconn_timeout ident_timeout shutdown_lifetime acl http_access http_reply_access icp_access miss_access cache_peer_access ident_lookup_access tcp_outgoing_tos tcp_outgoing_address reply_body_max_size cache_mgr cache_effective_user cache_effective_group visible_hostname unique_hostname hostname_aliases announce_period announce_host announce_file announce_port httpd_accel_host httpd_accel_port httpd_accel_single_host httpd_accel_with_proxy httpd_accel_uses_host_header dns_testnames logfile_rotate append_domain tcp_recv_bufsize err_html_text deny_info memory_pools memory_pools_limit forwarded_for log_icp_queries icp_hit_stale minimum_direct_hops minimum_direct_rtt cachemgr_passwd store_avg_object_size store_objects_per_bucket client_db netdb_low netdb_high netdb_ping_period query_icmp test_reachability buffered_logs reload_into_ims always_direct never_direct header_access header_replace icon_directory error_directory maximum_single_addr_tries snmp_port snmp_access snmp_incoming_address snmp_outgoing_address as_whois_server wccp_router wccp_version wccp_incoming_address wccp_outgoing_address delay_pools delay_class delay_access delay_parameters delay_initial_bucket_level incoming_icp_average incoming_http_average incoming_dns_average min_icp_poll_cnt min_dns_poll_cnt min_http_poll_cnt max_open_disk_fds offline_mode uri_whitespace broken_posts mcast_miss_addr mcast_miss_ttl mcast_miss_port mcast_miss_encode_key nonhierarchical_direct prefer_direct strip_query_terms coredump_dir ignore_unknown_nameservers digest_generation digest_bits_per_entry digest_rebuild_period digest_rewrite_period digest_swapout_chunk_size digest_rebuild_chunk_percentage chroot client_persistent_connections server_persistent_connections pipeline_prefetch extension_methods request_entities high_response_time_warning high_page_fault_warning high_memory_warning ie_refresh vary_ignore_expire sleep_after_fork Appendix B. The Memory Cache Appendix C. Delay Pools C.1 Overview C.2 Configuring Squid C.3 Examples C.4 Issues C.5 Monitoring Delay Pools Appendix D. Filesystem Performance Benchmarks D.1 The Benchmark Environment D.2 General Comments D.3 Linux D.4 FreeBSD D.5 OpenBSD D.6 NetBSD D.7 Solaris D.8 Number of Disk Spindles Appendix E. Squid on Windows E.1 Cygwin E.2 SquidNT Appendix F. Configuring Squid Clients F.1 Manually F.2 Proxy Auto-Configuration F.3 WPAD F.4 Summary