Section 1.1. GENERAL INTERFACE

1.1.1. Snappy Scrolling

THE ANNOYANCE: When I scroll a folder in Windows Explorer or a web page in Internet Explorer, it acts "sticky," as though it needs oiling. I presume oiling my monitor is out of the question, but there's got to be a way to make scrolling snappier.

THE FIX: Microsoft calls this behavior "smooth scrolling," and fortunately, you can turn it off. For this, you'll need a Microsoft program called TweakUI (free, http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/downloads/powertoys/xppowertoys.mspx). Click the Explorer category on the left side of the window (Figure 1-1), and on the right side, uncheck the "Enable smooth scrolling" box. Click Apply when you're done.

To turn off smooth scrolling in web pages, in Internet Explorer select Tools Internet Options, and click the Advanced tab. Scroll down to the bottom of the Browsing section, uncheck the "Use smooth scrolling" box, and click OK.

Figure 1-1. Turn off smooth scrolling to make scrolling windows more responsive.

1.1.2. Sharpen Blurry Text

THE ANNOYANCE: The text on my screen is blurry. Do I need glasses?

THE FIX: If the manufacturer's logo on your monitor is also blurry, glasses might be a good idea. Otherwise, there are two things that can cause blurry text in Windows XP.

If everything on your screen is blurry, as opposed to just the text, your display may be set to the wrong resolution. If you have a flat-panel LCD monitor, it has a native resolution, which matches the number of the monitor's physical pixels. If your monitor's native resolution is 1024x768, for instance, and Windows is set to 800x600, your screen will have to interpolate that lower resolution, and the display will appear blurry. To fix the problem, right-click an empty area of your desktop, click Properties, and then click the Settings tab. Slide the "Screen resolution" slider until the numbers match your screen's native resolution, and then click OK. (See the next annoyance if this setting makes icons and text too small.)

Note: If you don't know your screen's native resolution, it's usuallybut not alwaysthe rightmost (highest) setting. Since an LCD's native resolution is also the highest it can display, you know you've gone too far if you lose the edges of your desktop and Windows scrolls the display as you move the mouse. When in doubt, see the documentation.

If text is the only thing on the screen that's blurry, you're suffering from the "benefits" of anti-aliasing, illustrated in Figure 1-2. Windows "smoothes" screen fonts to reduce their jagged edges, but this doesn't always look so hot.

Figure 1-2. Anti-aliasing smoothes jaggy screen fonts, but it can make them look blurry.

Note: If you like font smoothing but aren't happy with the way Windows does it, try Microsoft's free ClearType Tuner PowerToy, available at: http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/downloads/powertoys/xppowertoys.mspx.Among other things, it walks you through the settings, allowing you to adjust the feature to suit your taste. It even lets you change the contrast to help minimize the drawbacks inherent in anti-aliasing.

To turn off font smoothing, right-click an empty area of the desktop, click Properties, click the Appearance tab, and then click the Effects button. There are two kinds of font smoothing (Standard or ClearType), but odds are you won't be able to tell the difference. Just uncheck the "Use the following method to smooth edges of screen fonts" box and click OK to disable the feature altogether.

1.1.3. Make Things Big on High-Res Screens

THE ANNOYANCE: I spent a lot of cash for the best, highest-resolution flat-panel LCD display on the market, but everything on the screen is too small. Did I waste my money?

THE FIX: Depends on how much you spent! But the good news is that you can make most things on your screen bigger to compensate for the tiny pixels. To make text bigger, right-click an empty area of your desktop, click Properties, and then click the Appearance tab. From the "Font size" drop-down, you can choose either Large or Extra Large, but for better results, click the Advanced button to enlarge specific elements (title bar, menus, tooltips, etc.) to your taste.

Start by clicking Active Window in the little preview window at the top of the dialog box shown in Figure 1-3 (or selecting Active Title Bar from the Item list), and then choosing a larger number in the Size list in the second row (next to the Font list). Do the same for Inactive Title Bar, Menu, Message Box, Palette Title, and Tooltip.

Figure 1-3. Enlarge the various elements on your screen to compensate for a high-resolution setting.

While you're here, you'll probably want to make your desktop icons bigger. By default, they're 32x32 pixels, but if you choose Icon from the Item menu, you can specify any size you like. For best results, restrict your choice to multiples of 16, such as 48 or 64. Finally, adjust the Icon Spacing (Horizontal and Vertical) to accommodate the new, larger icons.

1.1.4. Drag Windows Intact

THE ANNOYANCE: My coworker can see her application windows while she's dragging them around her screen, but on my computer, all I see is outlines. How can I get this much more obvious instant feedback?

THE FIX: Right-click an empty area of your desktop, click Properties, click the Appearance tab, and then click the Effects button. Check the "Show window contents while dragging" box, and then click OK.

Understanding Color Depth

Have you ever noticed that photos appear excessively grainy or contain ugly bands or streaks where a smooth sky or gradient should appear? Do all the colors on your screen become distorted when new images or web pages are displayed? These are symptoms of an adaptive palette. When your display is set to 256 colors, there can never be more than 256 individual colors in use at any given time. Because 256 isn't nearly enough to represent all the colors in the spectrum, Windows simply chooses the best 256 colors each time you display an image. The more images are displayed, the more horrendous things can look.

However, since 65,536 colors (16-bit mode, or 2¹⁶ colors; sometimes called High Color) are sufficient to display photographic images (as are the even better 24- and 32-bit modes), the palette is fixed and does not have to adapt to what is on the screen. This results in a richer, faster display; web pages, games, and photos look better; and you don't have to put up with a constantly changing palette.

To set the color depth, open the Display control panel and choose the Settings tab. Move the Screen resolution slider to the right to increase your display's resolution (more dots equals more screen real estate, but smaller screen elements). To the right is a drop-down list labeled "Color quality" with all of the color depth settings your video card supports. Select the highest color quality setting your video hardware supports (at least Medium 16-bit).

As you adjust your color depth, Windows may automatically adjust other settings depending on your card's capabilities, especially if you're using an older video card. The amount of memory on your video card dictates the maximum color depth and resolution you can use.

The memory required by a particular setting is calculated by multiplying the horizontal size times the vertical size times the bytes per pixel. If you're in 32-bit color mode, each pixel will require 32 bits, or 4 bytes (there are 8 bits to a byte). At a resolution of 1600x1024, that's 1600x1024x4 bytes/pixel, or 6.25 MB. Therefore, a video card with 8 MB of memory will be able to handle the display setting, but a card with only 4 MB will not. The card's refresh rate can also limit the maximum resolution and color depth. Most newer cards easily exceed these restrictions, though, so the case may be moot.

In most cases, choose the highest color depth your system supports at whatever resolution you're currently using. However, since higher color depths may cause your applications to run a little more slowly and eat up more system memory, you may want to downshift to 16-bit color.

From Windows XP Annoyances for Geeks, 2nd Edition

1.1.5. Make Windows Translucent While Dragging

THE ANNOYANCE: When I have a lot of windows open, it's hard to find just the one I want. How can I quickly cut through the clutter?

THE FIX: One of the new features Microsoft is promoting in the successor to Windows XP (Windows Vista) is a so-called 3-D interface that allows you to more easily see what's behind a window while you're dragging it. Windows XP doesn't have anything like this, although most video card makers supply drivers that offer something similar. For example, recent versions of the nVidia drivers (available at http://www.nvidia.com; use these only if you have a display adapter with an nVidia graphics processor) can create a transparent window effect, as illustrated in Figure 1-4.

Note: Contact the manufacturer of your display adapter (video card) for appropriate drivers for your hardware; see Chapter 6 for more details on installing new drivers and reverting to earlier versions if the new drivers don't work properly.

Figure 1-4. You can see what's behind this semi-transparent window while you're dragging it.

If your display adapter driver doesn't offer this feature, you can use a program such as Actual Transparent Window ($19.95, http://www.actualtools.com/transparentwindow/).

1.1.6. Un-Animate Windows Controls

THE ANNOYANCE: Windows takes forever to open menus and drop-down list-boxes and to scroll lists. How can I give it a kick in the proverbial pants?

THE FIX: To make Windows XP appear fancier and more advanced than the competition (I know, what competition?), Microsoft added animation to several parts of the interface. But waiting (and waiting) while Windows slowly cranks open a menu can be a real drag. To speed things up, open the System control panel, click the Advanced tab, and click the Settings button in the Performance section. Uncheck the boxes for "Fade or slide menus into view," "Slide open combo boxes," and any other animations that annoy you (see Figure 1-5). Click Apply to try out your new settings.

Figure 1-5. Turn off some of these "features" to make Windows XP more responsive.

Using Themes

Themes let you save several individual settings under a single name. There's only one place in Windows to save and retrieve themes, and your theme selection affects settings in several dialogs.

Manage themes by opening the Display control panel and clicking the Themes tab. To load a theme and replace your current settings, select a theme from the drop-down Theme list and click the Apply button.

To save your current settings into a new theme (or replace an existing theme), click the Save As button. Your theme is saved as an individual .theme file, by default in the My Documents folder. But only themes found in the \Windows\Resources\Themes folder are used to populate the Theme list, so place your custom .theme files there.

Settings saved with the current theme include your wallpaper, your custom desktop icons (select the Desktop tab, then the Customize Desktop button), your screensaver, your current style, and color selections. Themes essentially cover all of the tabs in the Display Properties dialog, except for the Settings tab.

According to the Windows documentation, themes are supposed to also encapsulate your mouse pointers, sounds, and Windows Media Player skin settings. Unfortunately, this simply doesn't work. When you save a custom theme, these extra settings are ignored. What's worse, when you then load a theme, the mouse pointers, sounds, and WMP skins are all simply reverted to their defaults. You'll need to use schemes (see the "Using Schemes" sidebar) to save your mouse and sound settings and protect them from the themes feature.

From Windows XP Annoyances for Geeks, 2nd Edition

1.1.7. Customize the Windows Look and Feel

THE ANNOYANCE: I'm tired of the "Windows XP" and "Windows Classic" styles, the only two choices in Display Properties. Can't I add my own styles?

THE FIX: Yes, but you'll need a third-party program such as WindowBlinds (free and $19.95 versions are available at http://www.stardock.com/products/windowblinds/). With WindowBlinds, not only can you choose from a bunch of interesting, preconfigured "skins" like the one shown in Figure 1-6, but, if you're particularly adventurous, you can design your own.

Once you have WindowBlinds, you can download new skins from any of several online libraries, including http://skinbase.org, http://www.deviantart.com, and http://www.deskmod.modblog.com.

Figure 1-6. Choose your own style for Windows windows.

1.1.8. Simplify the Control Panel

THE ANNOYANCE: I use the Windows Control Panel frequently, but I find the categories confusing and cumbersome. How can I get to Control Panel icons more directly?

THE FIX: You're right; the categories add an extra (and mostly unnecessary) step every time you need to change a setting. To turn off categories in the Control Panel, simply click the "Switch to Classic View" link in the top-left corner. If you don't see this link, click the "Appearance and Themes" category and open Folder Options. On the General tab, select "Show common tasks in folders," and click OK.

For even quicker access, open the Taskbar and Start Menu control panel, click the Start Menu tab, and click the Customize button. If you're using the XP-style Start menu, click the Advanced tab, find Control Panel in the list, select "Display as a menu," and click OK. If you're using the Classic Start menu, check the Expand Control Panel box, and click OK. Now, to open a Control Panel icon, just select Start Control Panel or Start Settings Control Panel, respectively, and select the desired icon from the list.

Using Schemes

A scheme is a saved collection of settings in a single dialog box. For example, you can save your current mouse pointer selections under a scheme name by going to the Control Panel, opening Mouse Properties applet, clicking the Pointers tab, and selecting a different pointer. This not only makes it easier to quickly switch between multiple sets of mouse pointers (such as one for when you're wearing your glasses and one for when you're not), but also allows you to quickly undo changes made by Windows and other applications.

Other dialogs that use schemes include the Power Options control panel (the Power Schemes tab) and the Sounds and Audio Devices control panel (the Sounds tab). In previous versions of Windows you could also save your Display Settings into a scheme, but in Windows XP this functionality has been replaced with themes.

From Windows XP Annoyances for Geeks, 2nd Edition