Section 3.3. PHOTOS

3.3.1. Down with the Picture and Fax Viewer!

THE ANNOYANCE: When I double-click image files, they open in the Windows Picture and Fax Viewer. I'd rather have them open in Photoshop or another, more capable image program, but changing the settings in Windows Explorer's File Types window doesn't seem to have any effect.

THE FIX: Annoying, isn't it? Microsoft included this rudimentary image viewer in Windows XP, and took steps to ensure that it couldn't easily be disabled.

To turn off the Windows Picture and Fax Viewer for good, open the Registry Editor (go to Start Run and type regedit), and expand the branches to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\SystemFileAssociations\image\ShellEx\ContextMenuHandlers. Delete the ShellImagePreview key, and close the Registry Editor when you're done; the change will take effect immediately.

3.3.2. Get Accurate Color Output

THE ANNOYANCE: Whenever I print photos on any color printer, they don't match what I see onscreen.

THE FIX: This is a common problem, and one, unfortunately, without a clear-cut, foolproof solution. The problem is that your monitor, printer, scanner, and digital camera all handle color a little differently. It's up to you to calibrate Windows so that all of these devices can communicate without botching your color photos too badly.

First, you'll need to gamma-correct your monitor, which ensures that its brightness and color balance settings are optimized for your setup. Many high-end monitors have gamma adjustment features, but barring that, you can use the free QuickGamma utility (Figure 3-20), available at http://quickgamma.de/indexen.html. (A similar utility also comes with Adobe Photoshop, although the author of QuickGamma claims better accuracy.) The process essentially involves adjusting controls until two different grayish regions appear indistinguishable when you squint. If you're a perfectionist, you should elect to adjust red, green, and blue values independently.

Figure 3-20. Use QuickGamma to adjust your monitor so colors are displayed more accurately.

Next, obtain an ICC profile for your color printer, scanner, camera, and any other imaging devices. You should be able to get ICC profiles from the respective hardware vendors or, barring that, from a site such as http://desktoppub.about.com/od/iccprofiles/. Likewise, you can find many scanner profiles at http://www.littlecms.com/iphoto/profiles.htm. Another good place to get (and share) ICC profiles is http://www.chromix.com. Coming up empty? Search Google for your specific product and model (e.g., "Epson 1520 ICC").

Once you have the correct color profile, install it by opening Start Settings Printers and Faxes. Right-click your color printer's icon, and select Properties. Choose the Color Management tab, click the Add button, select the .icc or .icm file you wish to install, and click Add. Next, select the Manual option, highlight the new profile, and click OK when you're done.

Now, playing with gamma correction and color profiles will only take you so far. Variations in ink or toner, as well as paper, can all affect color reproduction, so you'll have to employ a little trial and error to get the desired results. Professionals use more sophisticated tools, such as colorimeters, to get better color matching, not to mention higher-quality monitors, printers, and scanners. So don't be surprised if you don't get perfect color every time.

3.3.3. Quickly Shrink Many Photos

THE ANNOYANCE: I have a few hundred digital photos I'd like to share on the Web, but my 8-megapixel camera makes huge files. How can I shrink 'em down en masse?

THE FIX: The easiest way to shrink a lot of files is to use Microsoft's free Image Resizer, available at http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/downloads/powertoys/xppowertoys.mspx. Once it's installed, simply highlight your photo files (JPG, GIF, or BMP), right-click, and select Resize Pictures. Click Advanced and select the Custom option, as shown in Figure 3-21.

Figure 3-21. Use the free Image Resizer utility to shrink a bunch of photos in one step.

In the Custom boxes, type the maximum width and height (in pixels) for each photo. Most of the time, you'll want to specify the same number in both Custom fields to accommodate both landscape and portrait orientations; don't worry, the aspect ratios of your photos will remain intact. For instance, if you type 700 in each field (a good size for web photos), each photo will be shrunk so that the larger dimension is no more than 700 pixels.

Click OK when you're done. Depending on the number of files and the speed of your PC, the resizing process can take anywhere from a split second to a minute or more. By default, your original photos aren't changed; instead, new, smaller versions should appear in the same folder, renamed automatically to prevent conflicts.

3.3.4. Sort Photos Chronologically

THE ANNOYANCE: We just had this big party (a commitment ceremony), and we've gotten hundreds of photos from a dozen different people. I'd like to put them in chronological order by the time of day each was shot, but the dates and times of the files are all out of sync. What makes matters worse, each camera used a different filename format, so I can't even sort them alphabetically. I don't want to sort a thousand pictures by handthere's got to be an automatic way!

THE FIX: The Date Modified column in Windows Explorer (go to View Details if you don't see it) probably won't reliably sort your photos. If the photographer did any post-processing (e.g., color correction, cropping, retouching) in a program such as Photoshop, the file's date will reflect the last time the file was saved, not when the photo was originally shot. Also, file dates and times are typically set when a digital camera saves photos to its memory card, not necessarily when the photos are taken. (The discrepancy occurs because many high-end cameras hold the shots in memory before saving them.)

Luckily, embedded in each digital photo is a goldmine of information stored by the camera as part of the EXIF (EXchangeable Image File) format used in .jpg files, .tiff files, and raw formats such as Nikon's .nef files. EXIF data includes the date and time the photo was taken, the camera settings used (f-stop, exposure, metering mode), the photographer's name (sometimes), the dimensions of the image, and more. If the camera supports it, GPS data indicating the exact geographical location of the camera when the photo was shot can even be included.

To view EXIF data for a single photo, right-click the image file, select Properties, choose the Summary tab, and then click the Advanced button. Alternatively, highlight the photo in Windows Explorer, and a brief EXIF summary will appear in the Status bar (go to View Status Bar if you don't see it).

Better yet, view selective EXIF data for a bunch of photos at once: in Windows Explorer, go to View Details, then View Choose Details (or right-click any column header and select More). Place a checkmark next to any new details you'd like to display; EXIF data appears lower down in the list. For instance, place a checkmark next to Date Picture Taken, and click OK. Now, sort the photos chronologically by clicking the Date Picture Taken column header. Voilà!

But what if you want to make this sorting more permanent? Use the free Stamp utility (available at http://www.snapfiles.com/get/stamp.html) to rename your files with their EXIF dates. After you do this, your photos will appear in chronological order even when sorted alphabetically.

What Stamp doesn't do, unfortunately, is allow you to compensate for the differences among the various cameras' internal clocks. The discrepancies might be as small as three or four minutes among your local guests, or several hours for visitors from different time zones. As a result, your photos may not sort properly even after you use Stampa problem requiring the following fix.

First, download the free trial of Creative Element Power Tools (available at http://www.creativelement.com/powertools/), and use the Change Date tool to change the file dates so they match when the photos were taken. Highlight all the photos you want to fix, right-click, and select Change Date. Select "Date/Time from file metadata," choose "Date & time photo taken by digital camera" from the list, and click Apply.

Next, you'll need to determine the discrepancies between the internal clocks of the various cameras. Pick one photographer to use as the baseline, and then figure out how far off each other photographer is from that baseline. To do this, you'll need to find common points of reference: one or two representative photos of the same instant by each photographer. After a minute or so of studying, you might find that, say, Kathryn's camera was about 3 hours faster than the baseline, while Henry's camera was 6 minutes and 11 seconds slower.

To fix the times, highlight all of Kathryn's photos, right-click, and select Change Date. This time, select "Relative Date/Time," and then make your adjustments with the controls below (see Figure 3-22). Then do the same for everyone else's photos.

Figure 3-22. Use the Change Date tool to fix discrepancies between the times of different photographers' digital photos.

When you're done, the photos should be in perfect order when sorted by date. The last step is to change the filenames to incorporate these new times. Alas, Stamp won't read the file dates/times if the photos have EXIF data, but Power Rename (also part of Creative Element Power Tools) can do the job easily. Highlight all the photos, right-click, and select Power Rename.

In Power Rename, place a checkmark next to "Add stamp," select "file date & time," and then click the Format button. From the "Choose a format" list, select "Custom format," and then use the date/time placeholders from the list to assemble a date format conducive to sorting. Your best bet is to start with the year (yy or yyyy), followed by the month, day, hour, minute, and finally, the second, like this:

	yyyy-mm-dd_hh-mm-ss

For example, Power Rename would take a file with the date July 26, 2005 at 4:53:06pm and add this to the beginning of the filename:

	2005-07-26_16-53-06

Click OK and then the Apply button to rename the files. With all your photos date-and-time-corrected and renamed accordingly, they'll appear in chronological order even when sorted alphabetically!

3.3.5. Control Thumbnails in Explorer

THE ANNOYANCE: I have a folder full of digital photos, and Windows Explorer insists on showing them as thumbnails. I can switch to the Details view, but if I open another folder and then come back, Widows reverts to the Thumbnail view!

THE FIX: Getting Windows Explorer to save your settings can be a real hassle, as discussed in the previous chapterand in some cases, you'll just have to live with Windows XP's forgetfulness.

To make Windows Explorer remember your view preferences for the folder, select Tools Folder Options and choose the View tab. Scroll down, place a checkmark next to "Remember each folder's view settings," and click OK. Thereafter, when you make a change, leave, and come back, Explorer should remember your settings (for a time, anyway).

Note: If a folder contains the hidden file thumbs.db, Windows Explorer will usually show the folder in Thumbnail view. Delete this file to restore normal behavior. (To reveal hidden files, go to Tools Folder Options, choose the View tab, and select the "Show hidden files and folders" option.)

One exception is the way Explorer deals with special folders. For instance, the contents of the My Pictures folder are always shown as thumbnails. To work around this, you can either move your photos to a different folder (and not a subfolder of My Pictures), or use Microsoft's free TweakUI utility (http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/downloads/powertoys/xppowertoys.mspx) to change the location of the My Pictures folder so your existing photos can be left in peace.

Next, change Explorer's assumptions about a given folder by right-clicking the folder icon and selecting Properties. On the Customize tab, select "Documents (for any file type)" from the drop-down menu, and click OK when you're done. You'll probably have to close the folder and reopen it for the change to take effect.

Another approach is to change the way Windows Explorer displays thumbnails so that they look like ordinary icons; it's not the same as the Details view, but it's a step in the right direction. Open TweakUI, expand the Explorer category, and select Thumbnails. On the right, change the Size to 32, and click OK when you're done.

3.3.6. Choose Thumbnail Folders

THE ANNOYANCE: I'd like Windows to show thumbnails of all the photos in a particular folder, as well as the contents of all subfolders. Is there a way to set this as the default view?

THE FIX: Not really. Windows Explorer has two ways of remembering your settings: you can set defaults for all folders, and you can save the specific settings you choose for any individual folder. While there's no way to set the view settings for, say, a single folder branch on your hard disk, there are a few workarounds.

First, Windows Explorer should always show the contents of your My Pictures folder (and all its subfolders) as thumbnails, so you can get the desired result by storing all your digital photos in My Pictures.

Alternatively, you can use a dedicated image viewer, such as ACDSee (http://www.acdsystems.com), to view your photo folders. It'll display the contents of all your folders as thumbnails, as shown in Figure 3-23, meaning that you no longer have to worry about how and when Windows Explorer turns photos into thumbnails.

Figure 3-23. For more flexibility than Explorer affords, use a program such as ACDSee to view thumbnails of your photos.

3.3.7. Make Thumbnail Icons

THE ANNOYANCE: I don't much care for Windows Explorer's Thumbnail view. Is there another way to display thumbnails in Explorer?

THE FIX: Yes, and it's a pretty nifty little hack!

In Explorer, when you view a folder containing cursors (.cur files), animated cursors (.ani files), or icons (.ico files), their file icons are previews of their contents, rather than simply generic icons. To expand this feature to apply to .bmp files as well, open the Registry Editor (go to Start Run and type regedit) and expand the branches to HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT\Paint.Picture\DefaultIcon. Double-click the (Default) value, type %1 in the "Value data" field, and click OK.

At this point, you can increase the size of the thumbnails by increasing the generic icon size. Open the Display control panel, choose the Appearance tab, and click the Advanced button. Select Icon from the Item menu, and type a larger value in the size box to the right, such as 48 or 64.

Unfortunately, this won't work for .jpg or .gif files (or any other formats). If you have Adobe Photoshop, Explorer will display icon previews for Photoshop files (such as .psd files), but that's about it.

3.3.8. Make a Digital Slideshow

THE ANNOYANCE: I'd love to show my vacation pictures nice and big, like an old-fashioned slideshow, but my PC's screen is pitifully small. How can I make a satisfying slideshow with digital photos?

THE FIX: One easy way is to burn your pictures onto an ordinary DVD-ROM or CD-ROM, pop them into your DVD player (provided it supports JPG-laden discs), and watch them on your TV. If you're using Windows XP Media Center Edition, you can burn your photos to a DVD using a process similar to the one described later in this chapter, in "Burn Recorded Programs to DVD." Otherwise, you can use Windows Explorer (or your favorite disc-burning software, for that matter) to burn your JPG photos to an ordinary data disc, as described in "Burn CDs for Free."

Another alternative: most digital cameras have a video-out port, allowing you to plug them directly into a television set (using a simple RCA or S-Video cable) and display your photos right on the TV screen. This isn't limited to photos you shot with your camera, either; you can always add JPGs to your camera's memory card via Windows Explorer.

Your TV or DVD player may even have a memory card reader, which would let you display your photos on your TV by simply inserting the card and pressing some buttons on the remote control.

By far, though, the most impressive solution is to connect a DLP projector to your PC's monitor port, and display your photos in high resolution on the wall. Although the cost is much higher, the quality and experience easily trumps any standard television set.