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How linux works
Tutorial:
How linux works
Please select a chapter from the "Contents" menu at the very bottom of the page.
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How linux works
BackCover
How Linux Works - What Every Super-User Should Know
Chapter 1: The Basics
1.1 About /bin/sh
1.2 Using the Shell
1.3 Basic Commands
1.4 Using Directory Commands
1.5 Intermediate Commands
1.6 Changing Your Password and Shell
1.7 Dot Files
1.8 Environment and Shell Variables
1.9 The Command Path
1.10 Special Characters
1.11 Command-Line Editing
1.12 Text Editors
1.13 Getting Online Help
1.14 Shell Input and Output
1.15 Understanding Error Messages
1.16 Processes
1.17 File Modes and Permissions
1.18 Archiving and Compressing Files
Chapter 2: Devices, Disks, Filesystems, and the Kernel
2.2 The Kernel
2.3 Devices
2.4 Filesystems
2.5 Swap and Virtual Memory
Chapter 3: How Linux Boots
3.1 init
3.2 Boot Loaders
3.3 Virtual Consoles
Chapter 4: Essential System Files, Servers, and Utilities
4.1 System Logging
4.2 A Glance at /etc
4.3 User Management Files
4.4 getty and Login
4.5 Setting the Time
4.6 Scheduling Recurring Tasks with Cron
4.7 Scheduling One-Time Tasks with At
4.8 Tracking Individual Processes
4.9 Adjusting Process Priorities
4.10 Monitoring System Performance
4.11 Running Commands as the Superuser
Chapter 5: Configuring Your Network
5.1 Network Layers
5.2 The Internet Layer
5.3 Basic ICMP Tools
5.4 Configuring Interfaces and the Host-to-Network Layer
5.5 Configuring a Default Gateway
5.6 Resolving Hostnames
5.7 Using DHCP Clients
5.8 PPP Connections
5.9 Broadband Connections
5.10 Ethernet Networks
5.11 Configuring Routes
5.12 The Transport Layer: TCP, UDP, and Services
5.13 Firewalls
5.14 Network Address Translation (IP Masquerading)
5.15 Wireless Ethernet
Chapter 6: Network Services
6.1 The Basics of Services
6.2 Stand-Alone Servers
6.3 The inetd Daemon
6.4 Secure Shell (SSH)
6.5 Diagnostic Tools
6.6 Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
6.7 Network Security
Chapter 7: Introduction to Shell Scripts
7.1 Shell Script Basics
7.2 Quoting
7.3 Special Variables
7.4 Exit Codes
7.5 Conditionals
7.6 Loops
7.7 Command Substitution
7.8 Temporary File Management
7.9 Here Documents
7.10 Important Shell Script Utilities
7.11 Subshells
7.12 Including Other Files in Scripts
7.13 Reading User Input
7.14 Too Much?
Chapter 8: Development Tools
8.2 Debuggers
8.3 Lex and Yacc
8.4 Scripting Languages
8.5 Java
8.6 Assembly Code and How a Compiler Works
Chapter 9: Compiling Software From Source Code
9.1 Unpacking Source Packages
9.2 GNU Autoconf
9.3 Other Systems
9.4 Installation Practice
9.5 Applying a Patch
9.6 Troubleshooting Compiles and Installations
Chapter 10: Maintaining the Kernel
10.1 Do You Need to Build Your Own Kernel?
10.2 What You Need to Build a Kernel
10.3 Getting the Source Code
10.4 Configuring and Compiling the Kernel
10.5 Installing Your Kernel with a Boot Loader
10.6 Testing the Kernel
10.7 Boot Floppies
10.8 Working with Loadable Kernel Modules
Chapter 11: Configuring and Manipulating Peripheral Devices
11.2 CD Writers
11.3 Introduction to USB
11.4 IEEE 1394/FireWire Disks
11.5 Hotplug Support
11.6 PC Cards (PCMCIA)
11.7 Approaching Other Devices
Chapter 12: Printing
12.1 PostScript
12.2 Print Servers
12.3 Print Filters
12.4 Print Clients
12.5 CUPS
12.6 Ghostscript
12.7 Further Printing Topics
Chapter 13: Backups
13.2 Backup Hardware
13.3 Full and Incremental Backups
13.4 Using tar for Backups and Restores
13.5 Backups to Non-Traditional Media
13.6 Tape Drive Devices
13.7 Other Archivers
13.8 Further Backup Topics
Chapter 14: Sharing Files with Samba
14.1 Configuring the Server
14.2 Starting the Server
14.3 Diagnostics and Log Files
14.4 Sharing Files
14.5 Sharing Printers
14.6 Using the Samba Client
Chapter 15: Network File Transfer
15.1 rsync Basics
15.2 Checksums and Verbose Transfers
15.3 Compression
15.4 Limiting Bandwidth
15.5 Transferring Files to Your Computer
15.6 Further rsync Topics
Chapter 16: User Environments
16.1 Appropriate Startup Files
16.2 Shell Startup File Elements
16.3 Startup File Order and Examples
16.4 Default User Settings
16.5 Startup File Pitfalls
16.6 Further Startup Topics
Chapter 17: Buying Hardware for Linux
17.1 Core Components
17.2 Other Hardware Components
17.3 A Word About Hardware Upgrades
17.4 Saving Money
17.5 Notebooks
17.6 Smaller Designs
Chapter 18: Further Directions
18.2 Final Thoughts
Appendix A: Command Classification
Bibliography
List of Figures
List of Tables
List of Sidebars
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